A sustainable performance assessment framework for circular management of municipal wastewater treatment plants
نویسندگان
چکیده
Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) could become valuable contributors to a circular economy by implementing the 3R principles (reduce, reuse, and recycle). While reducing pollution load of sewage is primary objective WWTP, this process generates several potentially byproducts including treated effluent, biogas, sludge. The effluent can be reused in various end use applications biogas as fuel (for electricity generation, transportation, cooking) or chemical feedstock. sludge either directly recycled soil conditioner via thermochemical/biochemical processing routes recover material (e.g., hydrochar), energy heat, syngas), resource value (phosphorus). This work presents five-layered assessment framework for quantitatively evaluating sustainable municipal WWTPs using life cycle (LCA) costing (LCCA) tools. In addition, indicators reflecting potential benefits stakeholders society arising from investments into such private return on investment (PROI) environmental externality costs ratio (EECIR). validated hypothetical case study where circularly managed WWTP evaluated situations involving multiple byproduct utilization pathways. Four future options (FCOs) are examined 50,000 m3/d capacity treating up tertiary standards. FCOs mainly differ terms how (to meet WWTP's internal demands, cooking fuel, city buses after upgrading) (as producing hydrochar pellets generation). FCO which industry, used provides greatest (i.e., lowest (EEC) together with high revenues), highest PROI, EECIR. strengths limitations proposed also discussed.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Cleaner Production
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['0959-6526', '1879-1786']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130657